Author: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
Published: 2024/05/17
Post type: Research, Study, Analysis – Peer Reviewed: Yeah
Content: Summary – Definition – Introduction – Major – Related
Synopsis: Evening, but not morning, aerobic training improves sympathetic activity and baroreflex sensitivity in elderly patients with treated hypertension. Aerobic training is known to regulate blood pressure more effectively when practiced in the evening than in the morning. This may be explained in part by an improvement in baroreflex sensitivity and a reduction in muscle sympathetic nerve activity, which increased at night. The replication of the results obtained in previous studies and in different groups of hypertensive patients, associated with the use of more precise techniques to evaluate the main results, has reinforced our conclusion that aerobic exercise performed at night is more beneficial for the system. autonomic nervous system in patients with hypertension.
Introduction
Aerobic training is known to regulate blood pressure more effectively when practiced in the evening than in the morning. Researchers who conducted a study with elderly patients from the School of Physical Education and Sports of the University of São Paulo (EEFE-USP), in Brazil, concluded that nighttime exercise is better for regulating blood pressure thanks to better control cardiovascular by the autonomic nervous system through a mechanism known as baroreflex sensitivity. An article about the study is published in The journal of physiology.
Main summary
“There are multiple mechanisms to regulate blood pressure, and although morning training was beneficial, only evening training improved short-term blood pressure control by improving baroreflex sensitivity. This is important because baroreflex control has a positive effect on regulating blood pressure, and there are no medications to modulate the mechanism,” said Leandro Campos de Brito, first author of the article.
The study was part of Brito’s postdoctoral research project, which has the support of FAPESP and the supervision of Cláudia Lúcia de Moraes Forjaz, professor at EEFE-USP.
In the study, 23 elderly patients diagnosed and treated for hypertension were randomly distributed into two groups: morning training and evening training. Both groups trained for ten weeks on a stationary bike at moderate intensity, with three 45-minute sessions per week.
Key cardiovascular parameters were analyzed, such as systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate after ten minutes of rest. Data was collected before and at least three days after the volunteers completed the ten weeks of training.
The researchers also monitored mechanisms related to the autonomic nervous system (which controls breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, and other involuntary bodily functions), such as sympathetic nerve activity in muscles (which regulates peripheral blood flow). by contraction and relaxation of blood vessels). in muscle tissue) and sympathetic baroreflex sensitivity (assessment of blood pressure control through alterations in sympathetic nerve activity in the muscle).
In the night training group, it was found that the four parameters analyzed improved: systolic and diastolic blood pressure, sympathetic baroreflex sensitivity and muscle sympathetic nerve activity. In the morning training group, no improvements were detected in muscle sympathetic nerve activity, systolic blood pressure, or sympathetic baroreflex sensitivity.
“Night training was more effective in terms of improving cardiovascular autonomic regulation and reducing blood pressure. This may be explained in part by an improvement in baroreflex sensitivity and a reduction in sympathetic nervous activity in the muscles, which increases at night. For now, all of us What we know is that baroreflex control is the decisive factor, at least from the cardiovascular point of view, for night training to be more beneficial than morning training, since it induces the rest of the benefits analyzed. However, there is still much to be done in this regard to obtain a better understanding of the mechanisms involved,” said Brito, who is currently a professor at the Institute of Occupational Health Sciences at Oregon Health and Science University. in the United States, and continues to research the topic through circadian rhythm studies.
Baroreflex sensitivity regulates each heartbeat interval and controls autonomic activity throughout the body.
“It is a mechanism that involves sensitive fibers and deformations in the walls of arteries in specific places, such as the aortic arch and the carotid body. When blood pressure falls, this region notifies the region of the brain that controls the autonomic nervous system, which in turn sends signals “It makes the heart beat faster and tells the arteries to contract more forcefully. “If blood pressure increases, it warns the heart to beat more slowly and tells the arteries to contract less,” Brito explained.
In previous studies, the EEFE-USP research group demonstrated that evening aerobic training reduced blood pressure more effectively than morning training in hypertensive men, and that the most effective response to evening training in terms of blood pressure control was accompanied by a further reduction in systemic blood pressure. vascular resistance and systolic pressure variability.
“The replication of the results obtained in previous studies and in different groups of hypertensive patients, associated with the use of more precise techniques to evaluate the main results, has reinforced our conclusion that aerobic exercise performed at night is more beneficial for the autonomic nervous system. This may be especially important for those with resistance to drug treatment,” Brito said.
About the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)
The São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) is a public institution that has the mission of supporting scientific research in all fields of knowledge by granting scholarships and subsidies to researchers linked to higher education and research institutions in the State of São Paulo, Brazil.
Attribution/Source(s):
This peer-reviewed publication titled Evening aerobic exercise most effectively improves baroreflex sensitivity was chosen for publication by the editors of Disabled World due to its relevance to the disability community. While content may have been edited for style, clarity, or brevity, it was originally written by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo and published on 05/17/2024. For more details or clarifications, you can contact Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo directly on fapesp.br/es Disabled World does not offer any guarantee or support related to this article.
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Cite this page (APA): Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo. (2024, May 17). Evening aerobic exercise most effectively improves baroreflex sensitivity. Disabled world. Retrieved May 18, 2024 from www.disabled-world.com/fitness/exercise/aerobics/baroreflex.php
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