Slide 1: Title Page
How does MS affect the body?
MS affects each person differently and can impact many parts of the body.
Slide 2: Introduction Page
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease that affects the central nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord.
MS occurs when the immune system attacks the myelin sheath, the layer that protects nerve fibers. The damage complicates communication between the brain and the rest of the body. Consequently, MS can affect many parts of the body.
Slide 3:
brain
Damage to myelin and the nerves beneath it can disrupt the brain’s ability to send signals to the rest of the body.
About 1 in 2 people with MS have mental activity problems, also known as cognitive problems, including problems concentrating and poor memory.
Slide 4:
the eyes
MS can cause inflammation of the optic nerve, which connects the eye to the brain. This inflammation can cause vision problems, including blurred vision and pain when the eye moves.
Slide 5:
throat
MS can damage the nerves that control the muscles needed for chewing, swallowing, and speaking. MS can also cause numbness in the throat, making chewing and swallowing difficult.
Slide 6:
the chest
Injuries to the nerves in the chest muscles can cause breathing problems.
Nerve injuries can cause a symptom known as the “MS hug” (also called the “pressure sensation”), which feels like a band is squeezing your chest or ribs.
Slide 7:
the arms
Muscle weakness in the arms and legs is a common symptom of MS.
Many people with MS also have a “pins and needles” or numb feeling in their arms and legs.
Slide 8:
The bladder and intestines.
Nerve injuries can cause problems with bladder and bowel control.
Slide 9:
legs and feet
Weakness in one or both legs is a common symptom that can make walking or balance difficult. Pain, numbness, and tingling in the legs and feet are also common symptoms.
Some people with MS have “hot feet” (erythromelalgia), which is when their feet feel hot and swollen independently even though they look normal.
Slide 10:
MS affects each person differently and symptoms can be difficult to predict. A healthcare provider can help you decide if any treatment is an option to manage your personal MS symptoms.
This educational resource was prepared with the support of Novartis
